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TWSC.biz Unix Commands
List of abbreviations at the bottom of this page
Environment Control
| Command |
Description |
| cd d |
Change to directory d |
| mkdir d |
Create new directory d |
| rmdir d |
Remove directory d |
| mv f1 [f2...] d |
Move file f to directory d |
| mv d1 d2 |
Rename directory d1 as d2 |
| passwd |
Change password |
| alias name 1 name 2 |
Create command alias (csh/tcsh)
|
| alias name1="name2 |
Create command alias (ksh/bash)
|
| unalias name1[na2...] |
Remove command alias na |
| ssh nd |
Login securely to remote node |
| exit |
End terminal session |
| sentenv name v |
Set env var to value v
(csh/tsch) |
| export name="v" |
Set environment variable to
value v (ksh/bash) |
Output, Communication & Help |
lpr - P printer f
or
lp -d printer f |
Output file f to line printer |
| script [f] |
Save terminal session to f |
| exit |
Stop saving terminal session |
| mailx username |
Send mail to user |
| man name |
Unix manual entry for name |
Process Control |
| CTRL/c* |
Interrupt processes |
| CTRL/s* |
Stop screen scrolling |
| CTRL/q* |
Resume screen output |
| sleep n |
Sleep for n seconds |
| jobs |
Print list of jobs |
| kill % |
Kill job n |
| ps |
Print process status stats |
| kill -9 n |
Remove process n |
| CTRL/z* |
Suspend current process |
| stop %n |
Suspend background job n |
| cmmd& |
Run command in background |
| bg [%n] |
Resume background job n |
| fg [%n] |
Resume foreground job n |
| exit |
Exit from shell |
Environment Status |
| ls [d] [f...] |
List files in directory |
| ls -1 [f...] |
List files in detail |
| alias [name] |
Display command aliases |
| printenv [name] |
Print environment values |
| quota |
Display disk quota |
| date |
Print date & time |
| who |
List logged in users |
| whoami |
Display current user |
| finger [username] |
Output user information |
| chfn |
Change finger information |
| pwd |
Print working directory |
| history |
Display recent commands |
| ! n |
Submit recent command n |
File Manipulation |
| vi [f] |
Vi fullscreen editor |
| emacs [f] |
Emacs fullscreen editor |
| ed [f] |
Text editor |
| wc f |
Line, word & char count |
| cat f |
List contents of file |
| more f |
List contents by screen |
| cat f1 f2 >f3 |
Concatenates f1 & f2 into
f3 |
| chmod mode f |
Change protection mode of f |
| cmp f1 f2 |
Compare two files |
| cp f1 f2 |
Copy file f1 into f2 |
| sort f |
Alphabetically sort f |
| split [-n] f |
Split f into n-line pieces |
| mv f1 f2 |
Rename file f1 as f2 |
| rm |
Delete (remove) file f |
| grep 'ptn' f |
Outputs lines that match ptn |
| diff f1 f2 |
List the differences |
| head f |
Output beginning of f |
| tail f |
Output tail of f |
Compiler |
| cc [-o f1] f2 |
C compiler |
| lint f |
Check C code for errors |
| f77 [-o f1] f2 |
Fortran77 compiler |
| pc [-o f1] f2 |
Pascal compiler |
Working with NFS files
Files saved on the UITS central Unix computers Steel, the Parallel PC cluster,
Solar/Lunar, and the Research SP are stored on the Network File Server (NFS). That means
that your files are really on one disk, in directories named for the central Unix hosts on
which you have accounts.
No matter which of these computers you are logged into, you can get to your files on any
of the others. Here are the commands to use to get to any system directory from any other
system:
cd /N/u/username/PPPC/
cd /N/u/username/Cobalt/
cd /N/u/username/Solar/
cd /N/u/username/Steel/
cd /n/u/username/SP/
Be sure you use the capitalization just as you see above, and substitute your own username
for "username".
For example, if Jessica Rabbit is logged into her account on Steel, and wants to get a
file on her SP account, she would enter:
cd /N/u/jrabbit/SP/
Now when she lists her files, she'll see her SP files, even though she's actually logged
into Steel.
You can use the ordinary Unix commands to move files, copy files, or make symbolic links
between files. For example, if Jessica Rabbit wanted to move "file1" from her
Steel directory to her SP directory, she would enter:
mv -i /N/u/jrabbit/Steel/file1 /N/u/jrabbit/SP/
This shared file system means that you can access, for example, your SP files even when
you are logged into Steel, and vice versa. However, if you are logged into the SP, you can
only use the software installed on SP -- only users' directories are linked together, not
system directories.
Abbreviations used in this document
CTRL/x hold down control key and press x
d directory
env environment
f filename
n number
nd computer node
prtr printer
ptn pattern
var variable
[y/n] yes or no
[] optional arg
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